|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Sanctuary Summits - Monterey Bay General Information About the Panel of Experts Suggested Student Project Ideas References Post-Summit Summary Selected Student Projects (forthcoming) General Information Date:
May 17, 1999 A student summit will be held on May 17, 1999 from 9:30 - noon at the Maritime Museum in Monterey to discuss student projects and conservation issues related to the health and protection of our oceans. The summit will specifically focus on the topic of no-take marine reserves. The summit will include a panel with:
Dr. Sylvia Earle will introduce Sustainable Seas Expeditions and general conservation issues related to the health and protection of our oceans. Steve will introduce and share general information about no-take marine reserves. Mary Yoklavich will discuss her Big Creek Reserve research project, and Mike and the students will discuss the Pt. Lobos Reserve student research project. Following the panel, student teams (4-5 students each) will share their Sustainable Seas Expeditions projects with one another.
Other 9-12 student team projects (not necessarily science-oriented) will also be encouraged around the topic of no-take marine reserves. The preparation, progress and results of the student projects (information, reports, images and data) will be posted on this site in the future, or will be on a student maintained webpage that showcases student projects and ideas, and provide the main vehicle for communication among the students involved in Sustainable Seas Expeditions nationwide. Sylvia
Earle
Named one of Time Magazine's "heroes for the planet" in 1998, Earle has pioneered research on marine ecosystems and has led more than 50 expeditions totaling 6,000 hours underwater. She holds numerous diving records and is the author of more than 100 scientific and popular publications, including a 1995 book "Sea Change." Earle was born August 30,
1935, in Gibbstown, NJ. She has a bachelor's degree
from Florida State University and a master's and
doctorate from Duke University, as well as nine
honorary doctorate degrees. She lives in Oakland,
California.
Mike
Guardino
Mike earned a biology degree and California Teaching Credential from California State University, Chico in 1982. This is his seventeenth year working as a high school biology, marine biology, chemistry, and physics teacher. His current teaching assignment includes Advanced Placement Chemistry, Honors Chemistry, and Honors Physics at Carmel High School. He also volunteer his time to teach a course in SCUBA Certification and Marine Research for his students through the Carmel Adult School. Mike takes pride in his work and devote a great deal of time trying to be a good teacher. His students learn in a friendly environment that includes high expectations, current technology, and active participation. He wrote and developed the marine biology program for the Salinas Union High School District and taught a summer course in marine biology at Santa Catalina School for five years. His AP Chemistry students excel in standardized tests with virtually all of them passing the Golden State, SAT II, and Advanced Placement Chemistry Examinations. Most of his students earn college credit based upon their performance in Advanced Placement Chemistry. Mike has also worked for the Education Department at The Monterey Bay Aquarium since 1988. His duties at the aquarium include helping teach the (summer) Marine Science Teacher Institute and writing curriculum materials. He has been a a volunteer scuba diver at the Monterey Bay Aquarium since 1993 where he completes weekly feeding shows and maintenance duties. Mike has taken a variety of Marine Biology courses at UC Santa Cruz and Hopkins Marine Station in order to increase his knowledge of the sea. As the Sustainable Seas Expeditions' Teacher in the Sea, Mike has made over fifty public appearances, written six high school science classroom activities for distribution through the SSE web site and education package, and turned eighteen high school kids into "Students in the Sea". Mike lives in Carmel, California with his wife and three children. He is 42 years old, 6'2" tall, 195 pounds, and enjoy perfect health. His hobbies include scuba diving and underwater photography. He is an Open Water SCUBA Instructor and has completed almost 1,600 dives in the Monterey Bay area. He also reads a lot, spends time with his family, and enjoys nature. Project 1-3: Design a no-take marine reserve (High time intensity) Using suggested references and contacts, develop recommendations for the design of a no-take marine reserve in California. Identify its purpose, criteria for selection, and management goals. This project would be shared among three student teams, with each team focusing their design on one of the following three components: 1. Biologic considerations, i.e. fisheries issues 2. Oceanographic and/or geologic considerations, i.e. ocean currents and bottom types (sandy, rocky) 3. Social, economic, political and enforcement issues Each student team will develop recommendations based on their selected component, present and discuss their recommendations to the other two student teams at the Summit, and together develop a list of recommendations using the three components. Project 4: Conduct a case study of a local marine reserve: Ed Ricketts Underwater Park on the Monterey Peninsula (Medium-High time intensity) Report on the history and status of the park, and conduct an analysis of the process to establish the park, focusing on the pros and cons of the designation process:
CONCLUDE WITH: What are the valuable lessons we can learn from this process? What specific recommendations for designing a marine reserve can be made as a result of reviewing the process to establish the Ed Ricketts Underwater Park? Project 5: Conduct a case study of a national marine reserve: Tortugas 2000 (Medium time intensity) Report on the history and status of Tortugas 2000, and conduct an analysis of the process to establish Tortugas 2000, focusing on the pros and cons of the designation process:
CONCLUDE WITH: What are the valuable lessons we can learn from this process? What specific recommendations for designing a marine reserve can be made as a result of reviewing the process to establish Tortugas 2000? Project 6: Conduct a case study of an international marine reserve: New Zealand and/or the Philippines (Medium time intensity) Report on the history and status of marine reserves within New Zealand or the Philippines, and conduct an analysis of the process to establish these reserves, focusing on the pros and cons of the designation and management process:
CONCLUDE WITH: What are the valuable lessons we can learn from this process? What specific recommendations for designing a marine reserve can be made as a result of reviewing the process to establish marine reserves in New Zealand and/or the Philippines? Project 7: Develop a dictionary/handbook of California marine protected areas (Medium time intensity) Develop a list of terminology/categories to identify different levels of protection of marine areas; define terms by listing the management goals, criteria for selection, and levels of protection, i.e. regulations. Example: Term Management Goal Criteria Regulations Strict Marine Reserve Communities and species and natural processes must be maintained in an undisturbed state to have ecologically representative samples of the environment available for scientific study, environmental monitoring, education, and the maintenance of genetic resources in a dynamic state Outstanding ecosystems, features, or species of flora and fauna representative of particular natural areas No human activities allowed with the exception of non-manipulated (observational) research Project 8: Develop and implement a community survey on attitudes toward marine reserves Interview various user groups and stakeholders about their perceptions of marine reserves. Present results by summarizing surveys or interviews. Interview the following: Three managers - representatives from the Department of Fish and Game, the National Marine Fisheries Service, and the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary Fishermen - groundfish fisherman (gillnetters and trappers), squid fisherman, sardine fisherman, albacore fisherman, shellfish fishermen Kelp harvesters - members of the Monterey Bay Kelp Harvesters Cooperative, harvesters who are not part of the Cooperative Divers - dive operation manager, recreational divers, spearfisherman Surfers - Surfrider Foundation, individual surfers Kayakers - kayak operation manager, individual kayakers Conservation groups - Center for Marine Conservation, Save Our Shores, others Scientists - researchers at Moss Landing Marine Labs or UCSC or other institutions Project 9: Document and report on SSE Expeditions and Student Summit Provide onsite documentation of SSE expeditions using slide and digital photos, video and interviews with scientists; report on the Ocean Summit and include information about the schools and students involved. Present as a "newscast" or movie, or as a "photo album" to place on the sanctuary web page.
References Project 1 Ballantine, W.J. 1994. The practicality and benefits of a marine reserve network. Pages 205-223 In K.L. Gimbel, ed. Limiting Access to Marine Fisheries: Keeping the Focus on Conservation. Center for Marine Conservation and World Wildlife Fund, Washington, DC. Bohnsack, J.A., 1993. Marine reserves: They enhance fisheries, reduce conflicts, and protect resources. Oceanus 36(3):63-71. Bohnsack, J.A. 1996. Marine reserves, zoning and the future of fishery management. Fisheries 21:14-16. Bruckhorst, D.J., and P.B. Bridgewater. 1995. Marine bioregional planning: A strategic framework for identifying marine reserve networks, and planning sustainable use and management. In N.L. Shacketll and J.H. M. Willson, eds. Marine Protected Areas and Sustainable Use. Science and Management of Protected Areas Association. Clark, C.W. 1996. Marine reserves and the precautionary management of fisheries. Ecological Applications 6:369-370. Davis, G.E., 1989. Designated harvest refugia: The next stage of marine fishery management in California. CalCOFI Report 30:53-58. Magoon, O.T., H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson, eds., 1998. California and the World Ocean '97. Taking a Look at California's Ocean Resource: An Agenda for the Future. ASCE, Reston, Virginia. McArdle, D.A., ed., 1997. Marine Protected Areas of California. University of California Sea Grant publication. Yoklavich, M.M., ed., 1998. Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop. NOAA/NMFS Tech. Memo. Project 2 Roberts, C.M. 1998. Sources, sinks, and the design of marine reserve networks. Fisheries 23:16-19. Russ, G.R., and A.C. Acala. 1996. Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, Central Philippine. Marine Ecology Progress Series 132:1-9. Magoon, O.T., H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson, eds., 1998. California and the World Ocean '97. Taking a Look at California's Ocean Resource: An Agenda for the Future. ASCE, Reston, Virginia. McArdle, D.A., ed., 1997. Marine Protected Areas of California. University of California Sea Grant publication. Yoklavich, M., R. Starr, J. Steger, H. Greene, F. Schwing and C. Malzone, 1997. Mapping Benthic Habitats and Ocean Currents in the Vicinity of Central California's Big Creek Ecological Reserve. NOAA/NMFS Tech Memo. Yoklavich, M.M., ed., 1998. Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop. NOAA/NMFS Tech. Memo. Project 3 Causey, B.D. 1995. Enforcement in marine protected areas. Pages 119-148 In S. Gubbay, ed. Marine Protected Areas: Principles and techniques for management. Chapman & Hall, London. Dixon, J.A., and P.B. Sherman, 1990. Economics of protected areas: A new look at benefits. Washington D.C.: Island Press. Fiske, S.J. 1992. Sociocultural aspects of establishing marine protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management 17:25-46. Kaza, S. 1988. Community involvement in marine protected areas. Oceanus 29:13-19. Magoon, O.T., H. Converse, B. Baird and M. Miller-Henson, eds., 1998. California and the World Ocean '97. Taking a Look at California's Ocean Resource: An Agenda for the Future. ASCE, Reston, Virginia. McArdle, D.A., ed., 1997. Marine Protected Areas of California. University of California Sea Grant publication. Nies, B. 1995. Fishers' ecological knowledge and marine protected areas. Pages 265-272 In N. Shackell and J.H.M. Willison, eds. Marine protected areas and sustainable fisheries. Science and Management of Protected Areas Association, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Tisdell, C., and J.M. Broadus, 1989. Policy issues related to the establishment and management of marine reserves. Coastal Management 17(1):37-53. Vining, J., and H.W. Schroeder, 1989. The effects of perceived conflict, resource scarcity, and information bias on emotions and environmental decisions. Environmental Management 13(2):199-206. Wells, S., and A.T. White. 1995. Involving the community. Pages 61-84 In S. Gubbay, ed. Marine Protected Areas: Principles and Techniques for Management. Chapman & Hall, London. White, A.T., and G.C. Savina, 1987. Community-based marine reserves: A Philippine first. In Proceedings of Coastal Zone 1987, pp. 2022-2036: American Society for Civil Engineers. White, A.T. 1988. The effect of community-managed marine reserves in the Philippines on their associated coral reef fish populations. ICLARM Coastal Resources Management Project Technical Report, Manila, Philippines. Wolfenden, J., F. Cram, and B. Kirkwood. 1994. Marine reserves in New Zealand: A survey of community reactions. Ocean and Coastal Management 25:31-51. Yoklavich, M.M., ed., 1998. Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop. NOAA/NMFS Tech. Memo. Project 4 Because the Ed Ricketts Park process is ongoing, the best references are local newspaper articles and personal interviews. People who should be contacted are:
Documents that should be reviewed are:
Project 5 The Tortugas 2000 process is ongoing. The best reference to start researching Tortugas 2000 is the web page at fpac.fsu.edu/tortugas/index.html. Also try to contact the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Project 6 New Zealand references: website: www.hmu.auckland.ac.nz:8001/sanctuary/index.html Ballantine, W.J. 1995. Marine reserves in New Zealand: Principles and lessons. Center for Marine Conservation Workshop. Wolfenden, J., F. Cram, and B. Kirkwood. 1994. Marine reserves in New Zealand: A survey of community reactions. Ocean and Coastal Management 25:31-51. Philippines references: website: www.pbs.org (once on the pbs home page, do a search for "kingdom of the seahorse") Russ, G.R., and A.C. Acala. 1996. Do marine reserves export adult fish biomass? Evidence from Apo Island, Central Philippine. Marine Ecology Progress Series 132:1-9. White, A.T., and G.C. Savina, 1987. Community-based marine reserves: A Philippine first. In Proceedings of Coastal Zone 1987, pp. 2022-2036: American Society for Civil Engineers. White, A.T. 1988. The effect of community-managed marine reserves in the Philippines on their associated coral reef fish populations. ICLARM Coastal Resources Management Project Technical Report, Manila, Philippines Project 7 McArdle, D.A., ed., 1997. Marine Protected Areas of California. University of California Sea Grant publication. Jones, P.J.S. 1994. A review and analysis of the objectives of marine nature reserves. Ocean and Coastal Management 24:149-178. Kelleher, G., 1992. Guidelines for establishing marine protected areas. Gland: IUCN. Salm, R.V. 1989. Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers. Second edition. State Printing Company, Columbia, Southern Carolina. Project 8 Fiske, S.J. 1992. Sociocultural aspects of establishing marine protected areas. Ocean and Coastal Management 17:25-46. Kaza, S. 1988. Community involvement in marine protected areas. Oceanus 29:13-19. Milbrath, L.W., 1981. Citizen surveys as citizen participation mechanisms. The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science 17(4):478-496. Nies, B. 1995. Fishers' ecological knowledge and marine protected areas. Pages 265-272 In N. Shackell and J.H.M. Willison, eds. Marine protected areas and sustainable fisheries. Science and Management of Protected Areas Association, Wolfville, Nova Scotia, Canada. Suman, D. 1998. Stakeholder Group Perceptions of Marine Reserves in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. In M.M. Yoklavich, ed., Marine Harvest Refugia for West Coast Rockfish: A Workshop. NOAA/NMFS Tech. Memo. Wells, S., and A.T. White. 1995. Involving the community. Pages 61-84 In S. Gubbay, ed. Marine Protected Areas: Principles and Techniques for Management. Chapman & Hall, London. Call Lisa de Marignac at the Monterey National Marine Sanctuary office for a sample survey used to interview user groups at the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary - (831) 647-4246
Post-Summit Summary Overview
Student Designed Projects 1. "The Ocean: Our Future Provider." An educational project aimed at K-12 school children, this project would obtain grants and fund school field trips to nearby marine areas, with the goal of increasing awareness and interest in marine reserves and sanctuaries. 2. "Bringing the Sea to Kansas." An educational project aimed at the general public and especially children, this project would feature a touring marine "fair", popular media and internet components. 3. "The Effects of Overfishing: A Public View." This project proposed a six-month campaign of interviews and surveys to measure public opinion on fishery issues and raise public awareness of overfishing problems in the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. 4. A five-year monitoring project was proposed to study the effect of kelp harvesting on marine life in the kelp canopy and water column. The project would employ SCUBA survey methods to compare invertebrate communities between a "no-take" marine reserve and a non-reserve area within the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. 5. "Effects of Introduced Species on Native Populations." This long-term monitoring project was proposed to study the possible displacement of native sessile shellfish species by introduced shellfish such as the zebra mussel in bays and harbors of the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary. 6. "Monitoring Water Quality of the Tributaries that Drain into the Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary." This on-going monitoring project would utilize volunteers from the community and classrooms to test water quality parameters in five tributaries that drain into the sanctuary. The project would monitor the impact of human actions upstream on the sanctuary's water quality, and would raise public awareness through hands-on volunteer involvement and internet database access. Feedback from Participants "I liked the question and answer sessions, the going back and forth between the scientists and us."--Seamus Perry, student, Morro Bay High School
"I think today went very well. It was really exciting to hear students give their presentations on projects they've worked so hard on... Today was very inspiring from an educational standpoint."--Liz Love, Education Coordinator, Monterey Bay National Marine Sanctuary
"I am very proud to be associated with this exceptional group of young men and women. They have proved that students can take responsibility for their educations and that young people can make a difference in the defense of the ocean and its resources."--Mike Guardino, Teacher-in-the-Sea, Carmel High School
"I was very encouraged to see that these kids are being taught to think, to ask questions and answer them critically, to go to the trouble to go to the library and the field and get answers that way. I saw a lot of promise there."--Greg Cailliet, Professor, Moss Landing Marine Laboratories
Elizabeth Love, Education
Coordinator
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
